Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and Number Needed to Harm (NNH) in Psychiatry

Number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH) are metrics that can be used to evaluate the clinical relevance of findings from clinical trials. Together, NNT and NNH can be used to express the likelihood of being helped or harmed (LHH), which may be helpful for communicating and understanding the potential benefits and risks of a treatment. This quick guide will review the definitions, calculations, and interpretations of NNT, NNH, and LHH.

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Recommended on NP Psych Navigator

Anhedonia and Cognitive Function in Adults With MDD: Results From the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project

Fundamentals of Major Depressive Disorder

State-Dependent Differences in Emotion Regulation Between Unmedicated Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Unrecognized Bipolar Disorder in Patients With Depression Managed in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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